Benson's Microbiological Applications, Laboratory Manual in General Microbiology, Concise Version (14th Edition)

Chapter 3

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In preparing a smear, bacterial cells grown in a ... more

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A low quantity of cells forms a thin smear. A thin... more

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Heat fixation fixes the cells onto the slide ... more

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Simple staining of microorganisms like ... more

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Chromophores are positively charged molecules ... more

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Basic dyes are cationic (positively charged), ... more

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Acidic dyes are negatively charged and cannot bind... more

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Crystal violet is a basic stain that carries a ... more

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In a palisade arrangement, the rod-shaped cells ... more

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Vibrio cholerae are comma- or curved-shaped rods, ... more

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In the oral cavity (mouth) of humans ; The ... more

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The microorganisms found in the oral cavity of ... more

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Acidic dyes have negatively charged (anionic) ... more

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Nigrosin and india ink are both negative stains. ... more

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The heat fixing step is not included in staining ... more

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A capsule is a polysaccharide layer that is ... more

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A capsule appears as an unstained transparent halo... more

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Capsules protect the bacterial cells from host's ... more

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Capsules are made of polysaccharides.  ; A capsule... more

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The capsule helps microorganisms such as ... more

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The capsule will either shrink or get destroyed if... more

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The gram-staining technique was performed with ... more

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The gram-staining technique uses more than one ... more

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The gram-negative microorganisms have their cell ... more

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Stains attach better to the cell wall of young ... more

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Decolorization is the most crucial step in the ... more

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In the Gram staining technique, Gram's iodine is ... more

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The following are the reagents used in the Gram ... more

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Gram-negative organisms (and not gram-positive) ... more

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The primary stain, crystal violet, is the first ... more

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Endospores are highly resistant structures that ... more

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Exosporium is the outer most hydrophobic layer of ... more

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Endospores have 10 to 30 percent less water ... more

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Heat acts as a mordant that helps the primary ... more

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Endospores can be destroyed by exposing them to ... more

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In the (S-F) endospore staining, safranin is used ... more

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Mycobacterium is an acid-fast bacilli that ... more

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The cell wall of Mycobacterium contains a high ... more

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Acid-fast bacteria belong to genus Mycobacterium ... more

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Methylene blue is used as a counterstain in acid-... more

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Heating and phenol (present in carbolfuchsin) acts... more

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The "K" staining method is advantageous because it... more

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Proteus vulgaris shows active motility by ... more

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Semisolid media (SIM) that was inoculated with P. ... more

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Flagella are thin hair-like extensions that are ... more

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Directional motility helps in determining the true... more

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An agar concentration of 0.4 percent is used ... more

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Use of semisolid media is preferred while handling... more

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The semisolid (SIM) media will become turbid (... more

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